Eloquent: 集合

简介

默认情况下 Eloquent 返回的都是一个 Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection 对象的实例,包含通过 get 方法或是访问一个关联来获取到的结果。Eloquent 集合对象继承了 Laravel 集合基类,因此它自然也继承了许多可用于与 Eloquent 模型交互的方法。

当然,所有集合都可以作为迭代器,来让你像遍历一个 PHP 数组一样来遍历一个集合:

$users = App\User::where('active', 1)->get();

foreach ($users as $user) {
    echo $user->name;
}

然而,集合比数组更强大的地方是其使用了各种 map / reduce 的直观操作。例如,我们移除所有未激活的用户模型和收集其余各个用户的名字:

$users = App\User::where('active', 1)->get();

$names = $users->reject(function ($user) {
    return $user->active === false;
})
->map(function ($user) {
    return $user->name;
});

{note} 大部分的 Eloquent 集合会返回新的「Eloquent 集合」实例,但是 pluck, keys, zip, collapse, flattenflip 方法会返回 基础集合 实例。

相应的,如果一个 map 操作返回一个不包含任何 Eloquent 模型的集合,那么它将会自动转换成基础集合。

可用的方法

集合对象

所有 Eloquent 集合都继承了基础的 Laravel 集合 对象。因此,他们也继承了所有集合类提供的强大的方法:

[all](/docs//collections#method-all) [avg](/docs//collections#method-avg) [chunk](/docs//collections#method-chunk) [collapse](/docs//collections#method-collapse) [combine](/docs//collections#method-combine) [contains](/docs//collections#method-contains) [count](/docs//collections#method-count) [diff](/docs//collections#method-diff) [diffKeys](/docs//collections#method-diffkeys) [each](/docs//collections#method-each) [every](/docs//collections#method-every) [except](/docs//collections#method-except) [filter](/docs//collections#method-filter) [first](/docs//collections#method-first) [flatMap](/docs//collections#method-flatmap) [flatten](/docs//collections#method-flatten) [flip](/docs//collections#method-flip) [forget](/docs//collections#method-forget) [forPage](/docs//collections#method-forpage) [get](/docs//collections#method-get) [groupBy](/docs//collections#method-groupby) [has](/docs//collections#method-has) [implode](/docs//collections#method-implode) [intersect](/docs//collections#method-intersect) [isEmpty](/docs//collections#method-isempty) [keyBy](/docs//collections#method-keyby) [keys](/docs//collections#method-keys) [last](/docs//collections#method-last) [map](/docs//collections#method-map) [max](/docs//collections#method-max) [merge](/docs//collections#method-merge) [min](/docs//collections#method-min) [only](/docs//collections#method-only) [pluck](/docs//collections#method-pluck) [pop](/docs//collections#method-pop) [prepend](/docs//collections#method-prepend) [pull](/docs//collections#method-pull) [push](/docs//collections#method-push) [put](/docs//collections#method-put) [random](/docs//collections#method-random) [reduce](/docs//collections#method-reduce) [reject](/docs//collections#method-reject) [reverse](/docs//collections#method-reverse) [search](/docs//collections#method-search) [shift](/docs//collections#method-shift) [shuffle](/docs//collections#method-shuffle) [slice](/docs//collections#method-slice) [sort](/docs//collections#method-sort) [sortBy](/docs//collections#method-sortby) [sortByDesc](/docs//collections#method-sortbydesc) [splice](/docs//collections#method-splice) [sum](/docs//collections#method-sum) [take](/docs//collections#method-take) [toArray](/docs//collections#method-toarray) [toJson](/docs//collections#method-tojson) [transform](/docs//collections#method-transform) [union](/docs//collections#method-union) [unique](/docs//collections#method-unique) [values](/docs//collections#method-values) [where](/docs//collections#method-where) [whereStrict](/docs//collections#method-wherestrict) [whereIn](/docs//collections#method-wherein) [whereInLoose](/docs//collections#method-whereinloose) [zip](/docs//collections#method-zip)

自定义集合

如果你需要使用一个自定义的 Collection 对象到自己的扩充方法上,则可以在模型中重写 newCollection 方法:

<?php

namespace App;

use App\CustomCollection;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class User extends Model
{
    /**
     * 创建一个新的 Eloquent 集合实例对象。
     *
     * @param  array  $models
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection
     */
    public function newCollection(array $models = [])
    {
        return new CustomCollection($models);
    }
}

一旦你定义了 newCollection 方法,则可在任何 Eloquent 返回该模型的 Collection 实例时,接收到一个你的自定义集合的实例。如果你想要在应用程序的每个模型中使用自定义集合,则应该在所有的模型继承的模型基类中重写 newCollection 方法。

译者署名

用户名 头像 职能 签名
@skyverd 翻译 全桟工程师,时光博客 atabase\Eloquent\Model;
class User extends Model
{
    /**
     * 创建一个新的 Eloquent 集合实例对象。
     *
     * @param  array  $models
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection
     */
    public function newCollection(array $models = [])
    {
        return new CustomCollection($models);
    }
}

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